Livocard
Generic Name
Clopidogrel
Manufacturer
Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Country
Bangladesh
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Price Details
Current market pricing information
| Variant | Unit Price | Strip Price |
|---|---|---|
| livocard 75 mg tablet | ৳ 12.00 | ৳ 120.00 |
Description
Overview of the medicine
Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication used to prevent blood clots in people with recent heart attack, stroke, or established peripheral arterial disease. It works by preventing platelets from sticking together and forming clots.
Uses & Indications
Dosage
Adults
75 mg orally once daily. For ACS, a loading dose of 300 mg (or 600 mg in some cases) may be given, followed by 75 mg once daily.
Elderly
No dosage adjustment necessary based on age.
Renal_impairment
No dosage adjustment necessary for mild to moderate impairment. Use with caution in severe renal impairment.
How to Take
Oral administration. Can be taken with or without food.
Mechanism of Action
Clopidogrel selectively inhibits the binding of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to its platelet P2Y12 receptor, thereby inhibiting ADP-mediated platelet activation and aggregation. It is a prodrug and requires metabolic activation by CYP450 enzymes.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset
Platelet inhibition is observed within 2 hours; maximal effect within 3-7 days of repeated 75 mg once daily doses.
Excretion
About 50% renally, 48% fecally within 120 hours. Less than 1% of the parent drug is excreted unchanged in urine.
Half life
Parent compound: approximately 0.5 hours. Active metabolite: approximately 8 hours.
Absorption
Rapidly absorbed after oral administration. Bioavailability of the parent drug is high, but the active metabolite has low absolute bioavailability (approx. 30-50%). Prodrug.
Metabolism
Primarily hepatic, via cytochrome P450 enzymes (mainly CYP2C19, CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP3A4) to its active metabolite and inactive carboxyl derivatives.
Side Effects
Contraindications
- •Active pathological bleeding (e.g., peptic ulcer, intracranial hemorrhage)
- •Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients
- •Severe hepatic impairment
Drug Interactions
NSAIDs
Increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding due to additive antiplatelet effect.
SSRIs/SNRIs
Increased risk of bleeding due to interference with platelet aggregation.
Omeprazole, Esomeprazole
Coadministration significantly reduces the antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel by inhibiting CYP2C19. Avoid concomitant use.
Warfarin, other anticoagulants
Increased risk of bleeding due to additive effect on hemostasis. Coadministration requires careful monitoring.
Storage
Store below 30°C in a dry place, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children.
Overdose
Overdose may lead to prolonged bleeding time and subsequent bleeding complications. Management involves platelet transfusion if severe bleeding occurs, and symptomatic and supportive treatment. No specific antidote is known.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Clopidogrel should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed and the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Exercise caution when administered to a nursing woman as it is unknown if clopidogrel or its metabolites are excreted in human milk.
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this medicine
Pack Sizes
Shelf Life
Typically 2-3 years from manufacturing date.
Availability
Pharmacies, Hospitals
Approval Status
Approved by regulatory bodies (e.g., FDA, DGDA)
Patent Status
Generic available
WHO Essential Medicine
YesAlternative Medicines in Bangladesh
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Global Brand Names
International brand names for this medicine
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